What is Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR)

Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) is a minimally invasive procedure that measures how much blood flows through the coronary arteries. It aids medical professionals in determining whether a blockage is severe enough to prevent the heart muscle from receiving oxygen-rich blood. As a result, FFR is essential in determining whether stents or bypass operations are required. This test is usually carried out during coronary angiography, which involves putting a tiny wire with a specific sensor into the artery to detect blood pressure both before and after a narrowing. A lower blood supply is indicated by an FFR result below 0.80, which may necessitate medical intervention.

What is a CT-FFR?

A sophisticated, non-invasive substitute for conventional FFR is CT-FFR (Computed Tomography-derived Fractional Flow Reserve). CT-FFR assesses coronary artery blood flow using high-resolution CT scans and artificial intelligence (AI), in contrast to the catheter-based approach. Patients can now take the test without having to stay in the hospital or have any invasive procedures done. CT-FFR provides accurate information on whether a blockage is restricting blood flow, helping cardiologists decide whether medication, lifestyle changes, or interventions like stenting are needed. Since it is non-invasive, CT-FFR is a safer and more comfortable option for many patients.

Benefits of FFR and CT-FFR

Both FFR and CT-FFR have transformed the way coronary artery disease is diagnosed and treated. Their key benefits include:

• More precise than traditional angiography – FFR and CT-FFR provide better insights into whether a blockage is truly affecting blood flow.
• Helps avoid unnecessary procedures – Many patients do not need stents or surgery. These tests help doctors make better treatment decisions.
• Minimally invasive or non-invasive – While traditional FFR involves a catheter, CT-FFR eliminates the need for any invasive procedures.
• Improves patient outcomes – By finding the most effective treatment, these tests help reduce heart attack risk and improve long-term health.

Who Needs FFR or CT-FFR?

Not every patient with a suspected heart condition needs these tests, but they are highly recommended for:

• Patients with chest pain (angina) that may be linked to coronary artery disease.
• Individuals with borderline blockages seen on an angiogram, where it’s unclear if treatment is needed.
• Those experiencing unexplained fatigue or shortness of breath, which could indicate reduced blood flow to the heart.
• People undergoing a full body checkup who want a comprehensive heart assessment.

FFR vs. CT-FFR: Which One is Better?

Both tests serve the same purpose, but the right choice depends on your condition:

• FFR (Catheter-based) – Recommended when a patient is already undergoing an angiogram and a detailed, immediate assessment is required.
• CT-FFR (Non-invasive) – Ideal for those seeking a less invasive option or when a cardiologist needs additional information before deciding on treatment.

Are There Any Risks?

Although FFR is a low-risk technique, there is a small risk of issues like bleeding or arterial damage because it includes the insertion of a catheter. However, many patients choose CT-FFR because it is completely non-invasive and has no danger of infection or other problems.

Cost of FFR and CT-FFR in Turkey

Medical treatments can be expensive in many countries, but Turkey has become a top destination for high-quality yet affordable healthcare.

• FFR and CT-FFR tests in Turkey are significantly more affordable than in other countries in the west.
• Turkey’s hospitals are equipped with state-of-the-art technology, ensuring accurate and efficient diagnostics.
• Many international patients combine these tests with a full body checkup, making their trip even more worthwhile.

Conclusion

When it comes to heart health, FFR and CT-FFR are game changers. They help doctors make informed decisions about whether a patient needs treatment, ensuring better outcomes and avoiding unnecessary surgeries. If you are considering a full body checkup or have concerns about your heart health, consulting a cardiologist about these advanced tests is a step in the right direction. Taking care of your heart today means a healthier future because a strong heart is the foundation of a strong life.